Biomarker

Chair-Rise Test (Sit-to-Stand)

Last updated Sat May 30 2026 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)

Observational— Standard SPPB component

Two common protocols

5-time chair rise: time how long it takes to stand and sit 5 times, starting seated.
30-second chair stand: count how many full rises completed in 30 seconds.

Both measure lower-body strength (especially knee extensors and hip extensors), balance, and dynamic stability. The 5-time version is a component of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).

Why it’s prognostic

Falls risk (the single most predictive feature of subsequent falls).
Mortality in older adults.
Post-surgical complication risk.
Independence in ADLs.

What improves it

Squats, leg press, lunges — loaded if possible.
Step-ups.
Tai chi for balance and confidence.
Treating osteoarthritis pain.
Treating peripheral neuropathy contributors.

References

Cesari, M. et al. Prognostic value of usual gait speed in well-functioning older people. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 53, 1675–1680 (2005).